30 books that Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos, and Bill Gates recommend you read

side-by-side of Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos, and Bill Gates — Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos, and Bill Gates have some reading advice.
Yasin Ozturk/Getty Images; Paul Ellis/Getty Images; Michael Loccisano/Getty Images

Many executives say they've learned valuable lessons on business from books.
Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos, and Bill Gates are no exception. They've recommended many over the years, from biographies to sci-fi novels.
Here are 30 books they say taught them a lot about business, leadership, and the forces shaping our world.

You learn by doing — but you can also learn a lot by reading.

Many influential business figures, including Tesla CEO Elon Musk, Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, and Microsoft cofounder Bill Gates say they've learned some of the most important lessons in their lives from books.

They've recommended countless books over the years that they credit with strengthening their business acumen and teaching them about leadership.

Here are 30 books recommended by Musk, Bezos, and Gates to add to your reading list:

Some of Bezos' favorite books were instrumental to the creation of products and services like the Kindle and Amazon Web Services.

Amazon founder and chair Jeff Bezos pictured here in front of a giant image of a book. — Mario Tama/Getty Images

"The Innovator's Solution"

This book on innovation explains how companies can become disruptors. It's one of three books Bezos made his top executives read one summer to map out Amazon's trajectory.

"The Goal: A Process of Ongoing Improvement"

Also on that list was "The Goal," in which Eliyahu M. Goldratt and Jeff Cox examine the theory of constraints from a management perspective.

Buy it here >>

"The Effective Executive"

The final book on Bezos' reading list for senior managers, "The Effective Executive" lays out habits of successful executives, like time management and effective decision-making.

"Built to Last: Successful Habits of Visionary Companies"

This book draws on six years of research from the Stanford University Graduate School of Business that looks into what separates exceptional companies from their competitors. Bezos has said it's his "favorite business book."

Buy it here >>

"The Remains of the Day"

This Kazuo Ishiguro novel tells of an English butler in wartime England who begins to question his lifelong loyalty to his employer while on a vacation.

Bezos has said of the book, "Before reading it, I didn't think a perfect novel was possible."

Buy it here >>

"The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable"

'The Black Swan' by Nassim Taleb — Random House

Nassim Nicholas Taleb popularized the term "black swan" with this book, in which he defines such events as highly improbable, unpredictable, and impactful.

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"Sam Walton: Made in America"

In his autobiography, the billionaire Walmart founder Sam Walton recalls his career building one of the world's largest retailers.

Buy it here >>

"Creation: Life and How to Make It"

Steve Grand discusses artificial life through the lens of his 1996 computer game Creatures in this book.

Buy it here >>

"Lean Thinking: Banish Waste and Create Wealth in Your Corporation"

This book imparts lessons about improving efficiency based on case studies of lean companies across various industries.

Buy it here >>

Elon Musk's must-reads include a number of sci-fi novels and books on artificial intelligence.

Elon Musk in 2020 — Yasin Ozturk/Getty Images

"What We Owe the Future"

One of Musk's most recent picks, this book tackles longtermism, which its author defines as "the view that positively affecting the long-run future is a key moral priority of our time." Musk says the book is a "close match" for his philosophy.

"Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies"

Musk has also recommended several books on artificial intelligence, including this one, which considers questions about the future of intelligent life in a world where machines might become smarter than people.

Buy it here >>

"Our Final Invention: Artificial Intelligence and the End of the Human Era"

On the subject of AI, Musk said in a 2014 tweet that this book, which examines its risks and potential, is also "worth reading."

Buy it here >>

"Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence"

In this book, MIT professor Max Tegmark writes about ensuring artificial intelligence and technological progress remain beneficial for human life in the future.

"Zero to One: Notes on Startups, or How to Build the Future"

Peter Thiel shares lessons he learned founding companies like PayPal and Palantir in this book.

Musk has said of the book, "Thiel has built multiple breakthrough companies, and Zero to One shows how."

Buy it here >>

"The Lord of the Rings"

Musk has said he read a lot of fantasy and science-fiction novels as a kid, including the classic J.R.R. Tolkien trilogy.

Buy it here >>

"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy"

In the same vein, Musk read "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" as a teenager and has even said the spacecraft in it is his favorite sci-fi spacecraft.

Buy it here >>

"Benjamin Franklin: An American Life"

Musk's reading list isn't without biographies, including this Walter Isaacson book on Benjamin Franklin.

Buy it here >>

"Einstein: His Life and Universe"

Musk enjoyed Isaacson's biography on Albert Einstein as well.

Buy it here >>

Bill Gates is known to make book recommendations quite often.

Bill Gates smiling. — Leon Neal/Getty Images

"How the World Really Works"

In his 2022 summer reading list, Gates highlighted this work by Vaclav Smil that explores the fundamental forces underlying today's world, including matters like energy production and globalization.

"If you want a brief but thorough education in numeric thinking about many of the fundamental forces that shape human life, this is the book to read," Gates said of the book.

"The Power"

Also on that reading list was speculative fiction novel "The Power." Here, author Naomi Alderman explores gender roles and gender inequality by centering on a world in which young women suddenly gain the ability to shoot deadly electrical jolts from their hands, coming to wield more power, literally and figuratively, than men.

"I gained a stronger and more visceral sense of the abuse and injustice many women experience today," Gates said of the book.

"Why We're Polarized"

Ezra Klein argues that the American political system has became polarized around identity to dangerous effect in this book, also on Gates' summer reading list in 2022, that Gates calls "a fascinating look at human psychology."

"Tap Dancing to Work: Warren Buffett on Practically Everything, 1966-2012"

Another one of Gates' favorite books is "Tap Dancing to Work," written by one of his closest friends, Berkshire Hathaway CEO Warren Buffett.

Buy it here >>

"A Full Life: Reflections at Ninety"

Gates also likes former president Jimmy Carter's "A Full Life."

Buy it here >>

"Business Adventures: Twelve Classic Tales from the World of Wall Street"

Gates has said this is "the best business book I've ever read." It compiles 12 articles that originally appeared in The New Yorker about moments of success and failure at companies like General Electric and Xerox.

Buy it here >>

"Factfulness: Ten Reasons We're Wrong About the World—and Why Things Are Better Than You Think"

This book investigates the thinking patterns and tendencies that distort people's perceptions of the world. Gates has called it "one of the most educational books I've ever read."

Buy it here >>

"Origin Story: A Big History of Everything"

origin story david christian — Little, Brown and Company

David Christian takes on the history of our universe, from the Big Bang to mass globalization, in this book.

Buy it here >>

"Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World"

"Range" explores the idea that, though modern work puts a premium on specialization, being a generalist is actually the way to go. Gates has said Epstein's ideas here "even help explain some of Microsoft's success, because we hired people who had real breadth within their field and across domains."

Buy it here >>

"The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History"